ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology; Accepted Date: May 13, 2021
Perspectives
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.1.2.10
Rechargeable batteries are an integral part of all types of
electric vehicles (EVs). Batteries must contain higher energy-power densities
and longer cycle life to qualify for an EV system. Lead-acid batteries, Nickel-metal
hydride batteries, and Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been employed as
charge storage in EV systems to date. Lead-acid batteries and Nickel-metal
hydride batteries were deployed in EVs by General Motors in 1996. However, the low
specific energy in Lead-acid batteries (34 Whkg-1) and high
self-discharge (12.5% per day at r.t.) in Nickel-metal hydride batteries have
marked these batteries obsolete in EV applications. LIBs currently occupy
most of the EV market because of their high specific power (~130-220 Whkg-1)
and a low self-discharge rate (~5% per month). The current technological
maturity and mass production in LIBs have reduced the overall battery cost by ~98% in the last three decades, reaching an average value of
$140 kWh-1 in 2021. Although a game-changer in battery
technologies, LIBs encounter various challenges: high cost, low safety, less
reliability, and immature infrastructure despite its environmental benignness.
Overcharging and overheating of LIBs can cause thermal runway leading to fire
hazards or explosion. Declining Li-resources also raise concerns regarding the
reliability and shelf-life of LIB technology. Hence, a critical assessment of
Li-ion chemistries is essential to comprehend the potential of LIBs in electric
mobilities and to realize the prospects in EVs.
Read More @ https://araijournal.com/index.php/arai/article/view/116
Comments
Post a Comment